An HPV positive test or positive cytology (LSIL/HSIL) does not mean cancer, however it should be monitored or treated.  How this is managed varies from country to country, in part depending on the resources available.  If treatment is the recommended option, the clinician will make a colposcopy referral.  At colposcopy, the woman's cervix is examined using a colposcope, which magnifies the cervix to make it easier for the clinician to see. Treatment of the affected tissue involves removal by burning, freezing or excision. In many cases the removed tissue will be tested for histological analysis of the tissue for further diagnosis.